mgimobusinessМеждународный бизнесInternational Business2949-639XФонд поддержки образовательных инициатив «Новый взгляд»mgimobusiness-68Research ArticleСтатьиВлияние развода на участие женщин в рынке трудаThe impact of divorce on women’s labor supplyЧжаоЯ.ZhaoYa.

Ян Чжао - к.экон.н., доцент 

200231, Шанхай, 130 China Meilong Road

Yan Zhao - PhD in Economics, Associate Professor

130 China Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200231

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4180-0592ЛаньЦ.LanJ.

Цзинхуэй Лань - независимый эксперт

200231, Шанхай, 130 China Meilong Road

Jinghui Lan - independent expert

130 China Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200231

Школа бизнеса Восточно-Китайского университета науки и технологийКитайSchool of Business, East China University of Science and TechnologyChina20242907202401 (7)4452Copyright © Чжао Я., Лань Ц., 20242024Чжао Я., Лань Ц.Zhao Y., Lan J.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ibj.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/68

Развод оказывает влияние на жизни бывших супругов с точки зрения времени и их финансового положения. В последние несколько лет показатель количества разводов в городских и сельских районах Китая продолжает расти, что заставляет многих людей беспокоиться о социальной стабильности и благополучии женщин после развода. В данной статье основное внимание уделяется тому, как развод влияет на предложение на рынке труда среди женщин и на уровень их заработной платы. На основании данных Опроса о финансовом положении домохозяйств в Китае за 2013-2019 гг. было установлено, что развод, как правило, повышает вероятность того, что женщины начнут принимать активное участие в трудовой деятельности. Отмечается, что развод приводит к значительному снижению семейного дохода большинства женщин и, таким образом, они с большей вероятностью начинают принимать активное участие в трудовой деятельности с целью поддержания своего экономического благосостояния. В настоящей статье предполагается, что экономическое благосостояние женщин может вообще не ухудшиться после развода и, следовательно, их волеизъявление в отношении заключения или расторжения брака должно быть защищено соответствующим законодательством. 

Divorce brings changes to the parties’ time use and economic conditions. In recent years, the divorce rates of urban and rural areas in China have continued to rise and caused many people to worry about the social stability and the welfare of women after divorce. This paper focuses on how divorce affects women’s labor supply and wage income. Using data from the China Household Finance Survey 2013-2019, we find that divorce generally promotes the probability of women participating in market labor. This is also consistent with our understanding that divorce will cause most women’s family income to decline significantly, thus they become more likely to participate in market labor to maintain their economic well-being. Our paper implies that women’s economic welfare may not deteriorate at all after divorce, and thus their will about marriage should be protected by relevant law. 

Предложение на рынке трударазводженщиныКитайучастие в трудовой деятельностиLabor SupplydivorcewomenChinaLabor Force Participationавторы выражают благодарность за финансовую поддержку Министерству образования Китайской Народной Республики (проекты в области гуманитарных и социальных наук, грант № 18YJC790230).the authors acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China (Humanities and Social Sciences Projects, Grant No. 18YJC790230).ReferencesFang H., Gu Q., Xiong W., Zhou, L.A. Demystifying the Chinese housing boom // NBER macroeconomics annual. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 1. P. 105-166. DOI: 10.3386/w21112.Fang H., Gu Q., Xiong W., Zhou, L.A. Demystifying the Chinese housing boom // NBER macroeconomics annual. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 1. P. 105-166. DOI: 10.3386/w21112.Becker G.S. Altruism in the family and selfishness in the market place // Economica. 1981. Vol. 48. No. 189. P. 1-15.Becker G.S. Altruism in the family and selfishness in the market place // Economica. 1981. Vol. 48. No. 189. P. 1-15.Greenwood J., Guner N., Kocharkov G., Santos C. Technology and the changing family: A unified model of marriage, divorce, educational attainment, and married female labor-force participation // American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics. 2016. Vol. 8. No 1. P. 1-41. DOI: 10.1257/mac.20130156.Greenwood J., Guner N., Kocharkov G., Santos C. Technology and the changing family: A unified model of marriage, divorce, educational attainment, and married female labor-force participation // American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics. 2016. Vol. 8. No 1. P. 1-41. DOI: 10.1257/mac.20130156.Burr J.A., McCall P.L., Powell-Griner E. Female labor force participation and suicide // Social Science & Medicine. 1997. Vol. 44. No. 12. P. 1847-1859. DOI: 10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00294-8.Burr J.A., McCall P.L., Powell-Griner E. Female labor force participation and suicide // Social Science & Medicine. 1997. Vol. 44. No. 12. P. 1847-1859. DOI: 10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00294-8.Marcén M. Divorce and the birth control pill in the us, 1950-1985 // Feminist Economics. 2015. Vol. 21. No. 4. P. 151-174. DOI: 10.1080/13545701.2015.1027246.Marcén M. Divorce and the birth control pill in the us, 1950-1985 // Feminist Economics. 2015. Vol. 21. No. 4. P. 151-174. DOI: 10.1080/13545701.2015.1027246.Blau F.D., Kahn L.M. Changes in the labor supply behavior of married women: 1980–2000 // Journal of Labor economics. 2007. Vol. 25. No. 3. P. 393-438. DOI: 10.1086/513416.Blau F.D., Kahn L.M. Changes in the labor supply behavior of married women: 1980–2000 // Journal of Labor economics. 2007. Vol. 25. No. 3. P. 393-438. DOI: 10.1086/513416.Chen L., Fan H., Zhao N., Chu L. Research on the influence of family elderly care on women’s employment and employment // Economic Research Journal. 2016. Vol. 3. No 51. P. 176-189.Chen L., Fan H., Zhao N., Chu L. Research on the influence of family elderly care on women’s employment and employment // Economic Research Journal. 2016. Vol. 3. No 51. P. 176-189.Li C. The current situation and trend of occupational gender segregation in China // Jiangsu Social Sciences. 2009. Vol. 3. P. 9-16.Li C. The current situation and trend of occupational gender segregation in China // Jiangsu Social Sciences. 2009. Vol. 3. P. 9-16.Fogli A., Veldkamp L. Nature or nurture? Learning and the geography of female labor force participation // Econometrica. 2011. Vol. 79. No. 14097. P. 1103-1138. DOI: 10.2307/41237857.Fogli A., Veldkamp L. Nature or nurture? Learning and the geography of female labor force participation // Econometrica. 2011. Vol. 79. No. 14097. P. 1103-1138. DOI: 10.2307/41237857.Ramírez E., Ruben R. Gender systems and women labor force participation in the salmon industry in Chiloé, Chile // World Development. 2015. Vol. 73. No. 5. P. 96-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.11.003.Ramírez E., Ruben R. Gender systems and women labor force participation in the salmon industry in Chiloé, Chile // World Development. 2015. Vol. 73. No. 5. P. 96-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.11.003.Besamusca J., Tijdens K., Keune M., Steinmetz S. Working women worldwide. Age effects in female labor force participation in 117 countries // World Development. 2015. Vol. 74. P. 123-141. DOI: 10.1016/j.worldev.2015.04.015.Besamusca J., Tijdens K., Keune M., Steinmetz S. Working women worldwide. Age effects in female labor force participation in 117 countries // World Development. 2015. Vol. 74. P. 123-141. DOI: 10.1016/j.worldev.2015.04.015.Chen J. Factors influencing the labor force participation rate of urban women in China. PhD Thesis. Guizhou: Guizhou University. 2003.Chen J. Factors influencing the labor force participation rate of urban women in China. PhD Thesis. Guizhou: Guizhou University. 2003.Johnson W.R., Skinner J. Labor supply and marital separation // The American Economic Review. 1986. Vol. 76. No. 3. P. 455-469.Johnson W.R., Skinner J. Labor supply and marital separation // The American Economic Review. 1986. Vol. 76. No. 3. P. 455-469.Zheng H. An economic analysis of the changes in the female labor force participation rate in China. 2003.Zheng H. An economic analysis of the changes in the female labor force participation rate in China. 2003.Shen K., Zhang Y., Yan P. New explanation of Chinese women’s labor participation rates: The perspective of changes in family structure // Population research. 2012. Vol. 36. No. 5. P. 15-27.Shen K., Zhang Y., Yan P. New explanation of Chinese women’s labor participation rates: The perspective of changes in family structure // Population research. 2012. Vol. 36. No. 5. P. 15-27.Ogawa N., Ermisch J.F. Family structure, home time demands, and the employment patterns of Japanese married women // Journal of Labor Economics. 1996. Vol. 14. No 4. P. 677-702. DOI: 10.1086/209827.Ogawa N., Ermisch J.F. Family structure, home time demands, and the employment patterns of Japanese married women // Journal of Labor Economics. 1996. Vol. 14. No 4. P. 677-702. DOI: 10.1086/209827.Sasaki T., Matsumoto T., Yamamoto K. et al. The genome sequence and structure of rice chromosome 1 // Nature. 2002. Vol. 420. No. 6913. P. 312-316. DOI: 10.1038/nature01184.Sasaki T., Matsumoto T., Yamamoto K. et al. The genome sequence and structure of rice chromosome 1 // Nature. 2002. Vol. 420. No. 6913. P. 312-316. DOI: 10.1038/nature01184.Liu A. Institutions, opportunity structures and gender perceptions: How urban married women’s labor participation is possible // Journal of Chinese Women’s Studies. 2018. Vol. 6. P. 15.Liu A. Institutions, opportunity structures and gender perceptions: How urban married women’s labor participation is possible // Journal of Chinese Women’s Studies. 2018. Vol. 6. P. 15.Thévenon O., Ali N., Adema W., Pero A.S. Effects of reducing gender gaps in education and labour force participation on economic growth in the OECD // OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers. 2012. P. 2536. DOI: 10.1787/5k8xb722w928-en.Thévenon O., Ali N., Adema W., Pero A.S. Effects of reducing gender gaps in education and labour force participation on economic growth in the OECD // OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers. 2012. P. 2536. DOI: 10.1787/5k8xb722w928-en.Euwals R., Knoef M., Van Vuuren D. The trend in female labour force participation: what can be expected for the future? // Empirical Economics. 2011. Vol. 40. No. 3. P. 729-753. DOI: 10.1007/s00181-010-0364-9.Euwals R., Knoef M., Van Vuuren D. The trend in female labour force participation: what can be expected for the future? // Empirical Economics. 2011. Vol. 40. No. 3. P. 729-753. DOI: 10.1007/s00181-010-0364-9.Zhou Q., Sun H. The change trend and effect analysis of female labor participation rate in China // Economic Survey. 2006. Vol. 1. P. 65-67.Zhou Q., Sun H. The change trend and effect analysis of female labor participation rate in China // Economic Survey. 2006. Vol. 1. P. 65-67.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.