Preview

International Business

Advanced search

SCO’s impact on economic relations amidst sanctions, with emphasis on Russia and Iran

Abstract

This article critically examines the economic efficiency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), with a focus on member countries such as Russia and Iran, which face geopolitical challenges from American and European influences. Contrary to prevailing views that either exaggerate or dismiss the economic benefits of the SCO, this study sheds light on the organization’s true economic potential. By addressing the impact of American and European sanctions on member countries, particularly Russia and Iran, the article underscores the significance of long-term economic gains achievable through the collaboration within the SCO. It explores the initiatives and shared goals among member nations, especially those led by China and Russia, as drivers for economic benefits. Additionally, the article emphasizes the potential for resolving challenges related to sanctions, such as facilitating smoother bank transfers, to expedite economic gains for member states.

About the Author

M. Soltani
MGIMO University
Islamic Republic of Iran

Mehdi Soltani  – independent consultant

   


References

1. Charter of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Article 1. 2001. P. 34-52.

2. Wenting X., Xiaoyi L. China to play important role in further development of SCO: former Uzbek deputy prime minister. Global Times. 2022. Available at: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202209/1275717.shtml#:~:text=As%20one%20of%20the%20latest,August%2C%20covering%20production%20capacity%20cooperation%2C (Accessed 27 December 2023).

3. GT staff reporters. SCO economic cooperation in spotlight amid global challenges. Global Times. 2022. Available at: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202209/1275244.shtml (Accessed 28 December 2023).

4. Makhmutova E. Sanctions Against Russia and Their Impact on the Eurasian Economic Union. International Organizations Research Journal. 2019. No 14. P. 16-21.

5. Szumski C. Kazakhstan: Balancing to the best of its ability in the heart of Eurasia. EURACTIV. 2023. Available at: https://www.euractiv.com/section/central-asia/news/kazakhstan-balancing-to-the-best-of-its-ability-in-the-heartof-eurasia/ (Accessed 28 December 2023).

6. Makhmutova E. Sanctions Against Russia and Their Impact on the Eurasian Economic Union. International Organizations Research Journal. 2019. No 14. P. 110.

7. Kemal B. Ertan Yasir Rashid. Iran’s Permanent Membership at SCO: Expectations and Reality. IRAM. 2022. Available at: https://www.iramcenter.org/uploads/files/IransPermMemb_v5-190222.pdf (Accessed 03 January 2024).

8. Suresh A. SCO Energy Club as the new energy agenda setters of central Asia. Hindustan Times. Hindustan Times. 2023. Available at: https://www.hindustantimes.com/ht-insight/international-affairs/sco-energy-club-as-thenew-energy-agenda-setters-of-central-asia-101692951980175.html (Accessed 03 January 2024).

9. Lengacher J. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization Energy Club: A Collaborative Future for Nuclear Energy. China Hand Magazine. 2018. Available at: https://www.chinahandsmagazine.org/2018/05/30/the-shanghai-cooperationorganization-energy-club-a-collaborative-future-for-nuclear-energy/ (Accessed 03 January 2024).

10. Lebedinskaya O., Babich S., Karmanov M., Shituev S. The SCO Financial Mechanisms: Risk Analysis and Development Prospects. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research. Atlantis Press. 2019. Vol. 107. P. 21. Available at: https://www.atlantis-press.com/article/125925157.pdf (Accessed 04 January 2024).

11. GT staff reporters. SCO economic cooperation in spotlight amid global challenges. Global Times. 2022. Available at: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202209/1275244.shtml (Accessed 05 January 2024).

12. Kemal B. Ertan Yasir Rashid. Iran’s Permanent Membership at SCO: Expectations and Reality. IRAM. 2022. Available at: https://www.iramcenter.org/uploads/files/IransPermMemb_v5-190222.pdf (Accessed 07 January 2024).

13. Kortunov A. SCO: The Cornerstone Rejected by the Builders of a New Eurasia? 2018. RIAC. Available at: https://www.russiancouncil.ru/en/analyticsand-comments/analytics/sco-the-cornerstone-rejected-by-the-builders-of-anew-eurasia (Accessed 09 January 2024).

14. Serikkaliyeva A. The SCO Free Trade Area Project: Problems and Prospects. Eurasian Research Institute. 2017. P. 1. Available at: https://www.eurasian-research.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Weekly-e-bulletin-28-022017-06-03-2017-No-105.pdf (Accessed 11 January 2024).

15. Abajyan A. Shanghai Cooperation Organization as a Platform for Promoting the Agenda of China’s Belt and Road Initiative. Bulletin of the Institute of Oriental Studies. 2021. P. 146, 149.

16. Iran’s Permanent Membership at SCO: Expectations and Reality. IRAM. 2022. Available at: https://iramcenter.org/uploads/files/IransPermMemb_v5-190222.pdf (Accessed 13 January 2024).

17. Forough M. (2022). What Will Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine Mean for China’s Belt and Road? The Diplomat. 2022. Available at: https://thediplomat.com/2022/03/what-will-russias-invasion-of-ukraine-mean-for-chinas-belt-androad/ (Accessed 13 January 2024).

18. Lewis D. Geopolitical Imaginaries in Russian Foreign Policy: The Evolution of “Greater Eurasia”. Europe-Asia Studies. 2018. Vol. 70. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09668136.2018.1515348 (Accessed 13 January 2024).

19. Lewis D. Geopolitical Imaginaries in Russian Foreign Policy: The Evolution of “Greater Eurasia”. Europe-Asia Studies. 2018. Vol. 70. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09668136.2018.1515348 (Accessed 13 January 2024).

20. Grajewski N. Russia and Iran in Greater Eurasia. Middle East Insights. 2020. Vol. 239. P. 4. Available at: https://mei.nus.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Insight-239-Nicole-Grajewski.pdf (Accessed 13 January 2024).

21. Voskresensky S. Economic Partnership Between the EEU, SCO and ASEAN. Valdai Discussion Club. 2016. Available at: https://valdaiclub.com/a/highlights/economic-partnership-between-the-eaeu-sco-and-asean/ (Accessed 15 January 2024).

22. Vorobyev V. ASEAN and SCO: Same Traditions and Missions. The Jakarta Post. 2012. Available at: https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/01/25/asean-and-sco-same-traditions-and-missions.html (Accessed 17 January 2024).

23. Gatev I., Diesen G. Eurasian encounters: the Eurasian Economic Union and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. European Politics and Society. 2016. P. 10. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23745118.2016.1171364 (Accessed 19 January 2024).

24. Gatev I., Diesen G. Eurasian encounters: the Eurasian Economic Union and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. European Politics and Society. 2016. P. 6-7. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23745118.2016.1171364 (Accessed 19 January 2024).


Review

For citations:


Soltani M. SCO’s impact on economic relations amidst sanctions, with emphasis on Russia and Iran. International Business. 2023;(4 (6)):59-72.

Views: 853


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2949-639X (Online)